Studies in Social Science & Humanities

Importance of Plastic in Modern Society: Recycling Is the Best Way of Waste Management

2025-07-17T04:56:19+00:00

Plastic is one of the best and useful inventions of human civilization that possesses both positive and negative expressions. It has extremely advanced the human society in various sectors. It is a polymer based on petroleum products that is used in multipurpose activities, such as household, industry, construction, electrical and electronics, automotive, medical, and packaging. The annual global production of plastics has surpassed 460 million tons in 2025, yet only about 10% of waste plastics are recycled. Over production and consumption of plastic and due to their stable and non-biodegradable nature has led to serious environmental problems, such as contamination of air, soil, sediment, groundwater, and oceans; and also it is related to climate change due to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, worldwide production, consumption, and disposal of plastic are not sustainable. This paper investigates variants of plastic, and its efficient use and recycling patterns in brief.

A Review of Literature on the Work-Life Balance of Female University Faculty from the Perspective of Patriarchal

2025-07-17T05:12:24+00:00

This paper reviews the challenges faced by female university faculty in balancing professional advancement and maternal responsibilities, framed within the theoretical context of patriarchy. Drawing on feminist, the study traces how patriarchal norms have historically defined women’s roles in both private and public spheres, particularly in the Chinese context. Although China promoted formal gender equality after 1949, the persistence of traditional family structures and implicit gendered expectations continues to constrain women’s career mobility. The analysis highlights the dual burden faced by female academics: while they benefit from relatively stable institutional environments, they remain subject to performance evaluations that overlook the disproportionate domestic labor they perform. Furthermore, the structural barriers in academic promotion, research productivity, and leadership appointments also highlight the disadvantaged position of female teachers. The paper argues that addressing these disparities requires not only legal protections and flexible policies but also gender-sensitive reforms in academic evaluation systems, expanded institutional support, and greater political recognition of women’s contributions. Ultimately, the professional development of female academics is not just a matter of individual equity but one of broader social and political significance.

The Impact of Cross-Cultural Translation on the International Competitiveness of the U.S. Cultural Industry

2025-07-24T05:05:40+00:00

The U.S. cultural industry, encompassing movies, music, literature, and games, holds a significant position in the global market. However, cultural differences and language barriers impede its international competitiveness. This paper constructs a theoretical framework integrating cross-cultural psychology and translation studies theories, proposing translation strategies for the U.S. cultural industry. Empirical research on several U.S. cultural industry projects, utilizing questionnaires, market analysis, and consumer feedback, verifies the effectiveness of these strategies. The study finds that cultural adaptability strategies, language style adjustments, and audience-oriented translation methods significantly enhance the international market acceptance and competitiveness of U.S. cultural products. The paper also provides policy recommendations based on the research findings, contributing to cross-cultural translation theory and offering practical solutions for the international development of the U.S. cultural industry.

Analysis of the Aphasia Phenomenon of New Mainstream Media — A Case Study of Gou Jing in Shandong

2025-07-25T01:56:13+00:00

This paper takes the Gou Jing incident in Shandong as the research object to explore the aphasia phenomenon of new mainstream media in hot events and the resulting media ethics anomie. By analyzing the phenomena of information distortion, public opinion reversal and collective silence of the media in the process of event communication, it reveals the structural dilemmas existing in the current media ecology: some media abandon fact-checking in pursuit of traffic, leading to public cognitive bias; the delayed voice of authoritative media has exacerbated the division of the public opinion field; the unbalanced reports driven by economic interests have damaged the foundation of social justice. The study points out that the anomie of media ethics not only weakens the credibility of the media and distorts the audience’s cognition, but also may cause social order chaos. In response to these problems, this paper puts forward three countermeasures: strengthening the professional quality of media personnel, purifying the internal atmosphere of the industry, and promoting the “era-adaptive” transformation of investigative reports. The research shows that reconstructing a healthy media ethics system requires the collaboration of media, the public and institutions to reshape the rational foundation of the public discourse space.

Bridging the Social Gap: The Role of the Metaverse in Alleviating Loneliness and Language Barriers Among International Students

2025-07-25T02:51:48+00:00

Abstract

An X-Ray of the Implementation of Separation of Powers Within the Cameroon Political Regime

2025-07-25T02:54:04+00:00

Theoretically, the 1996 Constitution of Cameroon formally establishes a tripartite system of governance dividing powers among the executive, legislature and judiciary. However, the actual configuration of power reveals a dominance of the executive, a docile legislature, and a politicized judiciary. The central question addressed is to what extent does the Separation of Powers, as enshrined in Cameroon’s constitutional framework, reflect the reality of governance and institutional practice? With an objective to evaluate the operational independence and functional integrity of state institutions vis-à-vis their constitutional mandates and to highlight the structural and political barriers hindering effective Separation of Powers. Anchored on the theoretical lens of Constitutionalism and checks and balances, the paper draws from scholarly literature, legal texts and contemporary political events to provide a grounded analysis of Cameroon’s regime dynamics. The study reveals executive dominance, legislature subordination and judicial suppression. This analysis is given timely given Cameroon’s democratic backsliding and institutional stagnation. It contributes to debates on governance reform by making recommendations.

The Construction of a Dual Mechanism for Cultivating the Spirit of Rural Elites Among Public-Funded Teacher Trainees

2025-07-25T03:06:58+00:00

Against the backdrop of China’s rural revitalization strategy and the national initiative to build an education powerhouse, public-funded teacher trainees constitute the core force in developing rural teaching teams. Cultivating their spirit of rural elites is thus of paramount importance. Grounded in identity theory and relational sociology, this study constructs a dual cultivation mechanism for fostering the spirit of rural elites among these trainees. The “Pre-Service and Post-Service Integrated Mechanism” emphasizes holistic development throughout the career lifecycle. During the pre-service phase, strategies such as redefining talent development objectives, optimizing curriculum systems, and implementing contextualized teaching strengthen trainees’ understanding of the spirit of rural elites. In the post-service phase, targeted professional development, diverse platform building, and cultural cultivation foster a deeper embodiment and practice of this spirit. Information sharing and resource integration ensure seamless continuity between pre-service cultivation and post-service implementation. The “Individual-Organization Synergy Mechanism” underscores bidirectional empowerment. At the individual level, mechanisms focus on awakening self-awareness, internalizing values, and cultivating behaviors to stimulate intrinsic motivation for identifying with the spirit of rural elites. At the organizational level, universities, governments, and society collaboratively create a supportive ecosystem for growth. Together, these mechanisms form a symbiotic network where “organizational support empowers individual practice, while individual actions reciprocally enrich organizational development.” Through sustained cultivation over time and dynamic interaction between subjects and their environment in space, this dual mechanism provides a systematic solution for nurturing public-funded teacher trainees who are deeply rooted in local communities and capable of leading rural educational revitalization. This framework offers both theoretical innovation and practical guidance for addressing the persistent challenges of rural teachers being “unwilling to relocate to rural areas, unable to remain long-term, and struggling to teach effectively.”

Linking Financial Literacy, Social Capital, and Financial Inclusion Among Women Entrepreneurs in Manyu Division, Cameroon

2025-07-29T07:49:10+00:00

Financial inclusion has a wide range of positive effect on entrepreneurial activities, but studies indicate a lack of awareness about financial services in the large group of financially excluded individuals especially women in the economy. Most efforts to increase financial inclusion have emphasized financial literacy provided through formal training and education without due recognition that people’s financial behavior and practices may also be motivated by social interactions, belongingness and interpersonal relationships. To resolve this, this study has as specific objectives: to examine the influence of financial literacy on financial inclusion among women entrepreneurs in Manyu Division; to assess the effect of financial literacy on social capital among women entrepreneurs in Manyu Division; to examine the effect of social capital on financial inclusion among women entrepreneurs in Manyu Division and to examine the mediating effect of social capital in the relationship between financial literacy and financial inclusion among women entrepreneurs in Manyu Division. Methodologically, the result was estimated using Ordinary Least Squared with data collected among 466 women entrepreneurs in Manyu Division using well-structured questionnaire. The result shows that financial literacy is strongly corroborating with financial inclusion (38.28%) and social capital (22.31%). In the case of social capital, it was observed that it’s more of Mamfe Central (11.25%), Upper Banyang (1.57%) and Akwaya (6.96%) phenomenon. Social capital is equally observed to be strongly correlating with financial inclusion (29.18%) and it’s both secondary (28.4%) and higher education (44.57%) phenomenon. The mediation result shows that social capital is marginally mediating in the relationship between financial literacy and financial inclusion. The findings suggest that the decision makers should create more awareness via financial technical workshop on the relevance of financial literacy on financial inclusion and social capital in Manyu division in particular and Cameroon in general. This is a wise-step towards business performance and amelioration of economic well-being.