Innovation in Science and Technology

Design and Implementation of Intelligent Pet Anti-Barking Collar Control System Based on Multi-Sensor Fusion

Haipeng Lin — 2026-09-02

Traditional single-microphone anti-bark collars suffer high false alarms, poor multi-dog adaptability, missing safety safeguards and failure to pass overseas EMC certifications. This paper develops an embedded control system based on decision-level multi-sensor fusion, using STM32L4 low-power MCU integrated with MEMS audio, capacitive wearing detection and NTC temperature sensors to form a perception-decision-execution closed loop. It supports two spray volumes (0.25 mL / 0.5 mL), ±30% adaptive recognition thresholds and a 12-hour continuous-use safety lock. Verified by third-party FCC Part 15 and CE-EMC labs, the system is mass-produced for TA.TIAOM products sold on Amazon UK. Real household tests deliver an 89.3% effective correction rate, and multi-sensor joint judgment drastically reduces noise-induced misfires, providing a viable engineering solution for pet wearable behavior collars.

Research on Automatic Test Method of RF Receiving Sensitivity for V2X On-Board Terminals Under Multi-Working Conditions

Yanbo Zhao — 2026-09-02

V2X is the foundational communication technology for intelligent connected vehicles. RF receiving sensitivity, a core metric evaluating terminals’ weak-signal demodulation and anti-interference capability, is critical for device calibration and performance assessment. Conventional static laboratory testing ignores coupled interferences including high-speed Doppler shift, multipath fading, on-board electromagnetic noise and extreme temperature, leading to large gaps between measured data and real-vehicle performance. Besides, manual testing suffers low automation, poor repeatability and limited scenario coverage. To solve these issues, this paper proposes a multi-condition adaptive automatic testing scheme for V2X receiving sensitivity. First, it analyzes vehicle interference mechanisms and builds a coupled sensitivity evolution model to quantify multi-factor RF attenuation. Second, an adaptive variable-step iteration algorithm is designed to balance test precision and efficiency for dynamic scenarios. Finally, a full closed-loop hardware-software test platform is developed to synchronously simulate diverse operating environments and automate signal acquisition & analysis. Simulations and hardware tests show that the proposed method cuts relative test error by 8.24% (Chen S, Hu J, Shi Y, et al., 2020), boosts testing efficiency by 67.3%, and restricts repeated test fluctuation within 1.1 dBm. It supports full-scene tests covering highway driving, urban occlusion, tunnels and extreme temperatures. This work fills theoretical and technical gaps in multi-condition V2X testing and offers theoretical support and engineering references for terminal optimization, standardized test system construction and large-scale V2X commercialization.

Material Selection Challenges and Application Limitations of Biodegradable Films for Fresh-Cut Produce Packaging

M. Lopes — 2026-10-09

Biodegradable films for fresh-cut produce packaging must provide gas exchange, moisture control, and physical protection suited to the product. This article examines material selection challenges using fresh-cut lettuce and apple slices as examples. Oxygen supply and carbon dioxide removal need to match produce respiration, while water vapour transfer must limit dehydration without allowing excessive moisture accumulation. Refrigeration affects these relationships because temperature changes influence respiration, film permeability, and condensation. Evidence from published experiments shows that improvements in one property can create limitations elsewhere. A modified film may preserve colour and firmness while increasing water loss, and a suitable film may perform poorly when seals are unreliable. Material selection should connect film properties with product quantity, package design, storage duration, and production conditions. Practical suitability depends on the performance of the complete package under its intended conditions of use.