https://www.paradigmpress.org/jimr/issue/feed 2026-09-08T09:13:32+00:00 London Office office@paradigmpress.org Open Journal Systems <p><a href="https://www.paradigmpress.org/jimr/about"> <img src="https://www.paradigmpress.org/public/site/images/admin/jimr.jpg" /> </a></p> https://www.paradigmpress.org/jimr/article/view/2246 2026-09-08T09:09:18+00:00 Haradhan Kumar Mohajan b@gmail.com

<p>The Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score is used to classify the severity of chronic liver disease (CLD), cirrhosis, and liver failure to estimate prognosis and mortality. It is based on the severity of three objective parameters, such as serum albumin, serum total bilirubin, and prothrombin time; and two subjective parameters, such as ascites and encephalopathy that is currently used for surgical risk evaluation and robust prediction. It has been the reference for assessing the prognosis of cirrhosis for six decades at the end-stage liver disease. It has been used extensively to risk-stratify patients with cirrhosis to evaluate efficacy of therapeutic procedures. In this study an attempt has been taken to discuss the survival predictive value of CTP scoring system in patients of decompensated cirrhosis and other related factors.</p>

2026-09-08T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://www.paradigmpress.org/jimr/article/view/2247 2026-09-08T09:13:32+00:00 Ziqi Jin b@gmail.com

<p>A broken bone in southwestern China can be seen and treated through three medical systems: Western biomedicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Dai medicine. Each has their own story of injury and healing. The paper takes fracture treatment as a case study of medical pluralism and compares the three systems in explaining, diagnosing and treating fractures, and in the movement of patients among them. Based on the explanatory model in medical anthropology, individual case studies, hospital fieldwork at Xishuangbanna Lin Yanfang Ethnic Hospital and literature. The paper argues that the systems provide differing, and sometimes incommensurable, readings of fracture: biomedical, as vascular and tissue disruption; TCM, as Qi-blood stagnation; and Dai medicine, as elemental or ‘cold’ imbalance. In practice, however, they often coexist rather than act alone. Hospitals that include biomedical, TCM, and Dai clinics, as well as cases in which TCM bone-setting is combined with surgical fixation, are examples of what medical anthropology calls ‘interpenetrative pluralism’. But that pluralism isn’t symmetrical. Patients generally first encounter biomedicine and then turn to traditional systems because of cost, trust, cultural familiarity, and a practitioner’s reputation. Fracture care illustrates how bodily injuries are interpreted through culturally situated ideas about the body, institutional histories, and unequal forms of medical legitimacy.</p>

2026-09-08T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026