Journal of Innovations in Medical Research

Oxidative Stress and Renal Dysfunction in Lincomycin-Induced Nephrotoxicity: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Activated Charcoal

Sarah Ebutte — 2025-08-08

Background: The kidneys play a vital role in homeostasis and metabolic waste elimination, but they are highly susceptible to toxic insults due to their role in drug metabolism. Lincomycin, a lincosamide antibiotic, has been implicated in nephrotoxicity through oxidative stress-mediated mechanisms, leading to renal dysfunction. Activated charcoal, a widely used adsorbent, has shown potential in mitigating renal damage by adsorbing toxins and modulating oxidative stress. However, its efficacy in lincomycin-induced nephrotoxicity remains poorly understood. Aim: This study investigates the protective potential of activated charcoal against lincomycin-induced nephrotoxicity by assessing oxidative stress markers, renal function indices, and histopathological changes. Methodology: Twenty-five (25) Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=5). Group I (Control) received normal saline, while Group II received lincomycin (200 mg/kg). Groups III, IV, and V were co-administered lincomycin with varying percentages of activated charcoal (25%, 50%, and 75%). Kidney function markers (creatinine, urea), oxidative stress indices (Superoxide Dismutase [SOD], Malondialdehyde [MDA]), and histopathological changes were evaluated. Results: Lincomycin administration significantly reduced creatinine (0.59±0.07 mg/dl) and urea (19.85±2.11 mg/dl) compared to controls (0.85±0.04 mg/dl, 25.78±1.19 mg/dl; P<0.05). Oxidative stress was evident in the lincomycin group, with a decrease in SOD (14.25±1.81 U/mg protein) and an increase in MDA. Activated charcoal co-administration mitigated these effects, improving kidney function and oxidative stress parameters. Conclusion: Activated charcoal offers protective effects against lincomycin-induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress and preserving renal function. Its potential as an adjunct therapy in mitigating antibiotic-induced kidney damage warrants further investigation.

Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Hepatitis E

Haradhan Kumar Mohajan — 2025-08-08

Hepatitis is the liver inflammatory disease that is caused by chemicals, drugs, or by the infection with different kinds of viruses. Hepatitis E infection is a disease that affects the liver and is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV), a virus that can infect both animals and humans. The HEV infection can cause acute liver failure, chronic hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis that remain a clinical challenge and still account for high mortality. It is the main cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis in humans worldwide. Among weakened immune patients it can lead to chronic hepatitis that may result a life-threatening illness, such as fulminant liver failure. There are eight genotypes: HEV 1-8; and genotypes 1 and 2 infect humans exclusively. The virus is transmitted mainly through the fecal-oral route of contaminated food and water. Active screening, reducing misdiagnosis, improving patient management, proper medications, supportive treatments, and timely antiviral therapy for severe and chronic cases are important measures to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to hepatitis E. This study focuses on the transmission, management, and treatment of HEV infection.

A Study on the Development and Promotion Strategies of Comprehensive Informatization Solutions in Smart Healthcare

Jin Zhang — 2025-08-08

This paper presents the development and promotion process of comprehensive informatization solutions for smart healthcare. With the rapid advancement of smart healthcare, medical informatization has become a crucial means to enhance the quality and efficiency of medical services. This study optimizes the Multi-Channel Integrated Promotion System (MCIPS) and conducts pilot applications in medical institutions of various scales and types. By collecting and analyzing extensive data to assess the effectiveness of the solutions, the results demonstrate that the comprehensive solutions significantly improve the informatization level and service efficiency of medical institutions, optimize medical processes, and enhance the work efficiency of medical staff and patient satisfaction. Moreover, through systematic data analysis and feedback mechanisms, a mature promotion model has been established, providing strong support for nationwide implementation.

Protective and Curative Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Wistar Rat

Paul Beega — 2025-08-15

Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity is a well-documented consequence of acetaminophen overdose, necessitating the exploration of therapeutic interventions to develop safer alternatives to synthetic drugs. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on acetaminophen (PCM)-induced hepatotoxicity. Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into twelve groups as follows: Groups 1 and 2 received Normal Saline for 20 and 40 days, respectively; Groups 3 and 4 were administered 750mg/kg of PCM for 20 and 40 days, respectively. Group 5 received 2.5ml/kg of VCO for the initial 10 days followed by 750mg/kg of PCM for the subsequent 10 days. Group 6 received VCO at 2.5ml/kg for the first 20 days followed by 750mg/kg of PCM for the remaining 20 days. Groups 7 and 8 received VCO at 5ml/kg for the initial 10 and 20 days, respectively, followed by PCM administration for the subsequent 10 and 20 days. Groups 9 and 10 were administered 750mg/kg of PCM for the initial 10 and 20 days, respectively, followed by VCO at 2.5ml/kg for the remaining 10 and 20 days. Lastly, Groups 11 and 12 received 750mg/kg of PCM for the initial 10 and 20 days, respectively, followed by VCO at 5ml/kg for the remaining 10 and 20 days. Acetaminophen administration resulted in a significant (p≤0.05) decrease in the final body weight of PCM-treated groups, while a significant (p≤0.05) increase in body weight was observed in the negative control, pre-treated, and post-treated groups with VCO. Notably, PCM-treated groups exhibited a significant (p≤0.05) increase in liver weight compared to negative control and VCO-treated groups. Liver enzyme levels including ALP, ALT, AST, and GGT remained within normal reference ranges in negative control and VCO-treated groups, whereas a significant (p≤0.05) increase was observed in the positive control groups. Additionally, levels of GPx, SOD, and CAT were significantly (p≤0.05) decreased in the positive control group compared to the negative control and VCO-treated groups. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrate the potential ameliorating effect of VCO against PCM-induced liver toxicity, highlighting its potential therapeutic utility in mitigating hepatotoxicity.