Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities

Metaverse, NFTs and Artificial Intelligence: Toward a Continued Intellectual Property Crisis in European Union Law

2026-05-22T09:07:09+00:00

The present paper analyzes the legal classification of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in European law, with particular reference to their potential status as digital works of art. After reconstructing the market’s evolution and the main legal controversies, this study challenges the interpretation of NFTs as mere digital certificates, arguing that, especially in native NFTs, the token can constitute the technical-legal basis through which the digital work is identified and circulated. The study addresses the tensions between tokens, underlying content and exploitation rights, focusing on the applicability of the exhaustion principle and the potential reshaping of rights in the context of digital resales. It also examines the critical issues arising from the lack of coordination between the regulation of crypto-assets, copyright and the regulation of artificial intelligence. It concludes that the shrinking market does not negate the cultural and legal relevance of the phenomenon, but requires a systematic realignment to ensure legal certainty and regulatory consistency.

Difficulties and Strategies for the E-C Translation of Marketing Texts Under Functional Equivalence Theory: A Study of Digital Marketing (Excerpts)

2026-06-23T03:09:23+00:00

The world has entered the era of digital economy, driven by globalization and digitization. The emergence of digital marketing has greatly contributed to the economic development of our country, and the daily life and work of the people have been facilitated to a greater extent. The development trend of the world’s digital economy is characterized by variability, which has a certain impact on the development of China’s national economy. At present, digital marketing is developing in a good direction, which is of great strategic significance in the process of the development of the world economy and needs to be given great attention. This study is guided by Nida’s theory of functional equivalence, and the applicability of the theory in the process of information conversion between source and target languages is verified through case studies. In order to achieve the research purpose, the author reviewed a large amount of literature and referred to relevant parallel texts, revised and organized the translations, summarized the common translation problems and proposed corresponding solutions. In the process of practice, based on the theory of functional equivalence, the author explores the difficulties encountered in translation practice from the three levels of vocabulary, syntax and text, and uses translation strategies such as literal translation, incremental translation, fractional translation and sequential translation to solve the difficulties encountered in translation practice. This study is committed to achieving functional equivalence between the source text and the target text, flexibly adopting translation methods for the difficulties in the translation process, accumulating experience for business text translation, and hoping that this study can provide reference for the translation of subsequent business texts.

Theoretical Analysis of Combined Acupuncture, Tuina and Moxibustion Intervention for Elderly Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Guided by Meridian Examination—From the Perspective of Tendon Excess-Deficiency and Qi-Blood Stasis

2026-07-10T05:27:25+00:00

Elderly chronic musculoskeletal pain is a highly prevalent and disabling chronic degenerative disease characterized by protracted course and high recurrence rate, which severely impairs the quality of life among the elderly. Long-term analgesic medication in Western medicine carries prominent toxic and side effects accompanied by high recurrence risks, limiting its clinical application. Combined external therapy of acupuncture, tuina and moxibustion serves as a safe and effective intervention regimen for elderly pain. Nevertheless, current clinical practice mostly relies on empirical treatment without objective and standardized meridian differentiation criteria, leading to arbitrary acupoint selection, non-standard operation, highly heterogeneous therapeutic effects and insufficient evidence-based grades. Based on traditional tendon and qi-blood theories as well as the degenerative physiological characteristics of the elderly, this paper elaborates the specific pathogenesis of elderly musculoskeletal pain: tendon insufficiency as the root cause, cold-heat stasis as the secondary manifestation, and intermingled excess and deficiency as the core feature. Relying on the five diagnostic methods of observation, palpation, tracing, temperature palpation and pressing, an elderly-adapted standardized meridian examination procedure and quantitative scoring system for tendon qi-blood are constructed. The multi-dimensional synergistic analgesic mechanism of the triple combined therapy of acupuncture, tuina and moxibustion is systematically analyzed, and an integrated precise diagnosis and treatment model of Examination–Differentiation–Acupoint Matching–Treatment together with standardized operation specifications are established. This research fills the theoretical gap in precise TCM diagnosis and treatment for elderly musculoskeletal pain, conforms to the international non-opioid pain management concept, and provides theoretical support for standardized and international evidence-based application of TCM external therapy.

A Theoretical Framework on Online Gambling to Reduce Related Harms

2026-07-14T05:39:02+00:00

Gambling is a form of entertainment centered on the wagering of any kind of valuable object or possession on a game, whose outcome is predominantly random. Internet gambling (iGambling) is the fastest growing mode of gambling due to the high speed internet accessibility, availability of online gambling sites, anonymity, event frequency, convenience, dissociation, associability, availability of variety of games, interactivity, simulation, the pervasive use of mobile devices, ease way of money spent, and immersive boundary due to intrinsic characteristics that make it particularly attractive to the players. It allows the gamblers to play many games at the same time without interruption. For many people, it is an enjoyable activity; and for others, it is addictive that provides few societal benefits, and drains resources from the society. Continuous iGambling activities lead to addiction that has serious side-effects, such as social isolation, financial hardships, and scholastic challenges among young people. In this study an attempt has been taken to discuss aspects of iGambling stressing on reduction of risk-factors and related harms.

Challenges and Strategies for Translating Urban Planning for Climate Change

2026-07-14T05:54:45+00:00

The chapter 1 and 2 of the scientific and technical text Urban Planning for Climate Change are translated as the original text from English to Chinese under the guidance of Newmark’s text type theory, and the translation methods and techniques used in the translation process are analyzed through different cases. The results of the analysis show that literal translation, annotation and amplification employed to render terminologies and proper nouns in scientific and technical texts may be helpful to ensure the accuracy of information transmission from the original text to the translated text, while the application of conversion and word order adjustment is useful to guarantee the coherence of information expression in the translation. In addition, the translation practice report describes the translation task and process, summarizes the difficulties encountered in the translation practice and countermeasures to solve the difficulties, and confirms the applicability of Newmark’s text type theory in the translation practice of scientific and technical texts relevant to urban planning. It is expected that the translation practice may helpful to further expand the scope of the applicability of the text type theory, and provide reference for the translation of related texts in the future.