Empirical Evidence on the Construction and Efficiency Improvement of Medical Device Smart Supply Chain Based on Closed-Loop Operation Mode
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63593/FMS.2788-8592.2025.11.003Keywords:
closed-loop operation, smart supply chain, data elements, blockchain threshold, medical device management, supply chain efficiency, data-physical integration, maturity model, regulatory sandbox, UDI traceabilityAbstract
In the context of stringent regulatory oversight and highly volatile demand, medical device supply chains (MDSCs) have long been plagued by high costs, high inventory levels, and slow response times. This paper integrates the closed-loop operation concept with a digital technology stack to construct a “three-end five-flow” closed-loop smart supply chain (CPSC) architecture. Based on 128 quarterly observations from 2021 to 2024 and over 100,000 UDI-level micro-data points, a mixed-method approach is employed to examine the efficiency improvement effects.
