Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors (AGIs): A New Class of Oral Medication for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are a new class of antidiabetic drug that inhibits the absorption of carbohydrates from the gut and is exclusively used for the treatment of T2D. This group lowers blood glucose in a dose-dependent fashion by modifying the intestinal absorption of carbohydrates and fat. For T2D patients, postprandial hyperglycaemia control is essential for the maintaining recommended HbA1c goals, and AGIs are used as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic medications to achieve normal glucose level. Acarbose, Miglitole, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and Voglibose are four AGIs, and among these; Acarbose has been shown to decrease the risk of progressing to diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. In this mini review an attempt has been taken to discuss the aspects of AGIs with their efficacy and safety when a T2D patient uses these.