Challenges and Optimization Strategies for School-Based Health Interventions in Adolescent Myopia Prevention and Control

Abstract

Adolescent myopia has become a major visual health concern closely related to daily learning routines, prolonged near work, limited outdoor activity, and increasing screen use. Schools are an important setting for myopia prevention because they can organize regular screening, provide health education, manage classroom conditions, and influence students’ everyday eye-use behavior. However, the effectiveness of school-based health interventions is often limited by several practical problems. Academic pressure may reduce outdoor activity and prolong continuous near work. Vision screening may not be followed by timely referral and sustained follow-up. Health education may improve awareness but fail to change daily behavior. Uneven resources and weak cooperation among schools, families, and medical institutions may also weaken intervention outcomes. This paper analyzes the main forms and challenges of school-based health interventions in adolescent myopia prevention and control, and proposes optimization strategies from the perspectives of routine school governance, closed-loop screening and follow-up, behavior-oriented health education, school-family-medical collaboration, and improvement of outdoor activity and classroom visual environment. The paper argues that school-based myopia prevention should not rely on isolated campaigns or periodic screening alone. More attention should be paid to connecting existing measures with students’ daily school life, so that prevention becomes a continuous and practical part of visual health management.