Protection of Natural Resources as a Human Rights Imperative Under Cameroonian Law

Abstract

This article examines the extent to which human rights concerns are protected during the exploitation of natural resources in Cameroon. Cameroon is endowed with a wealth of natural resources, but the exploitation of these resources has not translated into economic prosperity for the majority of its citizens. The exploitation of these resources has led to significant human rights abuses, environmental degradation and social injustices despite the plethora of laws that regulate this sector. Data was collected using primary and secondary sources and analysed using in-depth content analysis for the development of this article. The findings of this article revealed the legislative gaps, inadequate supervision, and discriminatory benefit sharing that hinders the effective protection of natural resources as a human right imperative in Cameroon. It further argues that the rights to environmental justice, a healthy environment, and development are fundamental human rights that are often violated in the context of natural resource exploitation in Cameroon. Constitutional reforms, creation of specialized courts, increase citizen’s participation, effective implementation of environmental laws and a fair and equitable benefit sharing with local communities were recommended as measures to protect natural resources as a human rights imperative in Cameroon.