Basic Concepts of Diabetics Mellitus for the Welfare of General Patients

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic but non-contagious metabolic disease that is characterized by elevated levels of blood sugar (glucose), causes absolute or relative insulin deficiency or both, which is produced by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans within the pancreas. For the run- short of insulin the body loses its ability to properly oxidize carbohydrates and to make balance of sugar in blood during energy production. Diabetes reduces life expectancy and increases significant morbidity related to microvascular complications, and diminished quality of life. If the disease is left undiagnosed or poorly controlled for the long-time, it may damage heart, vasculature, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. This study aims to give an insight at various aspects of diabetes mellitus including risk factors, prevention, and treatment of the disease to improve the physical and psychological problems of the diabetic patients.